2024 ATI Maternal Newborn Fina Exam New Latest Version Completed Winter Best Studying Material with Questions, Answers and Rationale

Question 1:
Which of these is a characteristic of a preterm infant?
A. Hypertonia.
B. Long toenails.
C. Lanugo.
D. Dry skin.
Show correct answer and explanation
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Hypertonia is not a characteristic of a preterm infant, but rather of a post-term
infant. Hypertonia means increased muscle tone or stiffness, which is more
common in infants who are overdue. Preterm infants have poor muscle tone and
less subcutaneous fat.
Choice B reason:
Long toenails are also not a characteristic of a preterm infant but of a post-term
infant. Long toenails indicate that the infant has grown beyond the expected
gestational age. Preterm infants have short and brittle nails.
Choice C reason:
Lanugo is a characteristic of a preterm infant. Lanugo is fine, downy hair that
covers the body of the fetus. It usually disappears by the 36th week of gestation,
but preterm infants may still have it at birth.
Choice D reason:
Dry skin is not a characteristic of a preterm infant but of a post-term infant. Dry
skin indicates that the infant has lost moisture and subcutaneous fat due to
prolonged exposure to the amniotic fluid. Preterm infants have thin and
transparent skin that may be covered by vernix caseosa, a white, cheesy
substance that protects the skin from the amniotic fluid.
Question 2:
What are the signs and symptoms of Thalassemia? Select all that apply.
A. Slow growth.
B. Fatigue.
C. Hematoma.
D. Pruritus.
Show correct answer and explanation
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Slow growth is a common symptom of thalassemia, especially in children. It is
caused by the reduced production of hemoglobin and red blood cells, which
leads to anemia and poor oxygen delivery to the tissues. Slow growth can also
affect the development of facial bones and cause deformities.
Choice B reason:
Fatigue is another common symptom of thalassemia, also related to anemia
and low oxygen levels in the body. People with thalassemia may feel tired, weak,
and short of breath even after mild physical activity. Fatigue can also affect their
mood, concentration, and quality of life.
Choice C reason:
Hematoma is not a typical symptom of thalassemia. Hematoma is a collection of
blood under the skin or in an organ, usually caused by trauma, injury, or bleeding
disorders. People with thalassemia may have a higher risk of bleeding due to low
platelet counts or frequent blood transfusions, but this does not necessarily result
in hematoma.
Choice D reason:
Pruritus is not a typical symptom of thalassemia. Pruritus is a sensation of itching
that can affect any part of the body. It can have many causes, such as dry skin,
allergies, infections, or liver problems. People with thalassemia may experience
pruritus as a side effect of iron overload or iron chelation therapy, but it is not a
direct consequence of the condition.
Choice E reason:
Ecchymoses are not typical symptoms of thalassemia. Ecchymoses are large
bruises that appear on the skin due to bleeding under the surface. They can be
caused by trauma, injury, or bleeding disorders. People with thalassemia may
have a higher risk of bleeding due to low platelet counts or frequent blood
transfusions, but this does not necessarily result in ecchymoses.
Question 3:
A nurse is caring for a newborn immediately following delivery. After assuring
a patent airway, which of the following actions should be the nurse's priority?
A. Dry the newborn.